{"http_code":200,"endpoint":"GET: \/search\/8.5","api_code":3000,"api_text":"Endpoint: GET \/search | API Version: 8.5","user_ip":"18.97.14.80","data":{"took":253,"timed_out":false,"num_reduce_phases":6,"_shards":{"total":2890,"successful":2890,"skipped":0,"failed":0},"hits":{"total":10000,"max_score":852.39325,"hits":[{"_index":"dsp.24-2022-11-12","_id":"1.0167570","_score":852.39325,"_source":{"creator":["Choi, Ella"],"campus":["UBCV"],"degree":["Master of Science - MSc"],"description":["Objectives: To obtain head dimensions from patients who received dental CBCT at BC Children\u2019s Hospital (BCCH), to apply this information to design and construct small child and adolescent head phantoms, and to measure and compare the absorbed radiation doses from CBCT and panoramic radiographs using small child, adolescent and adult head phantoms.\nMaterials and Methods: Patients who received dental CBCT at BCCH were surveyed. Head dimensions from each subject\u2019s image were measured to develop adolescent and small child head phantoms. The most commonly used dental CBCT imaging protocols were examined. Absorbed doses were measured for small child, adolescent and adult head phantoms with i-CAT CBCT and Planmeca panoramic radiograph machines. \nResults: In the patient survey, 32 patients met the inclusion criteria. The most common indications for CBCT referral were for orthodontic treatment, followed by craniofacial abnormality and cleft lip and palate. A small child phantom was developed to represent the child patients with craniofacial abnormality and an adolescent phantom was developed to represent healthy orthodontic patients. Absorbed radiation doses varied depending on machine, imaging protocol, size of phantom and location of the ion chamber in the phantoms. For CBCT images, the highest radiation was measured in the small child phantom while the lowest radiation was measured in the adult phantom. For panoramic radiographs, the i-CAT CBCT panoramic option was compared to the Planmeca panoramic radiograph machine. For both machines, the small child phantom measured the highest while the adult phantom measured the lowest radiation. For the adolescent phantom, lower values were measured with the Planmeca machine while lower values were measured with i-CAT CBCT panoramic option for the small child phantom.\nConclusion: Two groups of pediatric patients were referred for dental CBCT at BCCH: young patients with craniofacial abnormality and healthy adolescent patients for orthodontic assessment. A consistent trend was observed for both CBCT and panoramic radiographs: the highest dose was measured in the smallest phantom while the lowest dose was measured in the largest phantom. Radiation in pediatric population is more detrimental than in adult population and it is important to child size the dose and protocol."],"ubc_internal_repo":"dsp","program":["Craniofacial Science"],"title":["Phantom dosimetry of i-CAT CBCT and i-CAT panoramic radiographs in pediatric patients"],"type":["Text"],"ubc_internal_handle":"","affiliation":["Dentistry, Faculty of"],"dateAvailable":"2014-07-29T00:00:00Z","genre":["Thesis\/Dissertation"],"ubc_date_sort":"2014-12-31 AD","scholarlyLevel":["Graduate"]}},{"_index":"cdm.arphotos-2024-02-08","_id":"1.0160316","_score":835.3632,"_source":{"creator":["Kull, Bob"],"dateAvailable":"2007-07-18T00:00:00Z","genre":["Photographs"],"ubc_date_sort":"2003-01-01 AD","ubc_internal_repo":"cdm","title":["Cat eating fish"],"type":["Still Image"],"ubc_internal_handle":"cdm.arphotos.35916"}},{"_index":"cdm.chungphotos-2022-11-09","_id":"1.0217589","_score":728.86005,"_source":{"creator":["[unknown]"],"subject":["Cats"],"dateAvailable":"2015-11-30T00:00:00Z","genre":["Photographs"],"description":["A white cat in a tree."],"ubc_date_sort":"1899-12-31 AD","ubc_internal_repo":"cdm","title":["Mrs. Bryan's cat"],"type":["Still Image"],"ubc_internal_handle":"cdm.chungphotos.1177"}},{"_index":"cdm.chungphotos-2022-11-09","_id":"1.0217017","_score":721.56433,"_source":{"creator":["[unknown]"],"subject":["Cats"],"dateAvailable":"2015-11-30T00:00:00Z","genre":["Photographs"],"description":["A white cat walking on a lawn."],"ubc_date_sort":"1899-12-31 AD","ubc_internal_repo":"cdm","title":["Mrs. Bryan's cat"],"type":["Still Image"],"ubc_internal_handle":"cdm.chungphotos.605"}},{"_index":"dsp.52383-2022-11-12","_id":"1.0388827","_score":675.2396,"_source":{"creator":["Tan, Sarah  M.L.","Stellato, Anastasia  C.","Niel, Lee"],"affiliation":["Land and Food Systems, Faculty of","Non UBC"],"subject":["cats","outdoor","disease","parasites","predation","injury","enrichment","behavior","welfare"],"dateAvailable":"2020-03-02T00:00:00Z","genre":["Article"],"description":["Uncontrolled outdoor access is associated with a number of welfare concerns for companion cats, including increased risks of disease and parasites, injury or death due to traffic, predation or ingestion of toxic substances, and getting permanently separated from their owner. In addition, cats pose a threat to local wildlife due to predatory behaviors, and can sometimes be a nuisance to human neighbors. Despite these concerns, recent estimates suggest that many owners are still providing their cats with uncontrolled outdoor access, likely because it also offers welfare benefits by allowing cats to perform natural behaviors, such as hunting, exploring, and climbing. While some have suggested that outdoor access is necessary to meet cats\u2019 behavioral needs and to prevent related behavioral problems, others have recommended various environmental enrichment strategies that can be developed to meet these needs within an indoor environment or through supervised and controlled outdoor access. This review examines the welfare issues and benefits associated with outdoor access for cats, as well as what is currently known about peoples\u2019 practices, knowledge, and attitudes about the provision of outdoor access for cats."],"ubc_date_sort":"2020-02-06 AD","scholarlyLevel":["Faculty"],"ubc_internal_repo":"dsp","title":["Uncontrolled Outdoor Access for Cats: An Assessment of Risks and Benefits"],"type":["Text"],"ubc_internal_handle":""}},{"_index":"dsp.831-2022-11-12","_id":"1.0087956","_score":674.17114,"_source":{"extent":["8732873 bytes"],"creator":["Ginzinger, David Gerard"],"campus":["UBCV"],"degree":["Doctor of Philosophy - PhD"],"description":["I have investigated the molecular basis of lipoprotein lipase\r\ndeficiency (LPL) in a colony of domestic cats. Members of this cat colony\r\nsuffer from chylomicronemia and share many of the same phenotypic\r\nfeatures as humans with lipoprotein lipase deficiency. Biochemical analysis\r\nrevealed that these cats have defective LPL catalytic activity suggesting a\r\nmolecular defect in the LPL gene. Molecular analysis revealed a point\r\nmutation resulting in a substitution of arginine for glycine at amino acid\r\nresidue 412. Segregation analysis, in vitro mutagenesis and expression\r\nstudies, all showed that this DNA change is the underlying cause of LPL\r\ndeficiency in this cat colony.\r\nCats homozygous for this mutation have reduced body mass, growth\r\nrates and increased stillbirth rates. Body composition analysis showed a\r\nreduction of body fat in the LPL deficient cats. Homozygote cats born to a\r\nhomozygote queen are more profoundly affected than homozygote cats born\r\nto a heterozygote queen. The lack of free fatty acids, as a result of lipoprotein\r\nlipase deficiency, may limit the maturation of pre-adipocytes. However, the\r\nmechanism by which LPL affects body composition is not certain.\r\nLPL deficient cats, have an elevation of serum triglycerides even when\r\nmaintained on a low fat diet. They also have significant elevations of VLDL-triglycerides,\r\nVLDL-cholesterol and decreased LDL-cholesterol. Particle\r\ncomposition analysis indicates that normal cats have a lipid particle\r\ncomposition similar to that of humans with respect to VLDL and LDL. An\r\noral fat tolerance study indicates that homozygotes have a marked reduction\r\nin the clearance of plasma triglycerides and heterozygotes have an\r\nintermediate clearance rate.\r\nTo study the role of LPL in atherogenesis, normal cats were fed a\r\ncholesterol-enriched diet. The vascular tree and organs were evaluated by\r\nexperienced pathologists to assess the severity of atherosclerotic disease.\r\nSerum lipid measurements and vessel wall lesion assessment were elevated in\r\nthe cholesterol-fed cats, compared to the cats on a normal diet. The lipid\r\nprofile was correlated with vessel wall measurements. This study provides\r\nthe basis for evaluating the susceptibility of the LPL-deficient cats to diet\r\ninduced atherosclerosis."],"ubc_internal_repo":"dsp","program":["Medical Genetics"],"type":["Text"],"title":["Lipoprotein lipase deficiency in a colony of domestic cats"],"ubc_internal_handle":"","affiliation":["Medicine, Faculty of","Medical Genetics, Department of"],"dateAvailable":"2009-03-31T00:00:00Z","genre":["Thesis\/Dissertation"],"ubc_date_sort":"1997-12-31 AD","scholarlyLevel":["Graduate"]}},{"_index":"dsp.831-2022-11-13","_id":"1.0101875","_score":662.59076,"_source":{"creator":["Moore, Elizabeth Virginia"],"campus":["UBCV"],"degree":["Master of Science - MSc"],"description":["There are some discrepancies in the literature regarding the response of the \"induced waves\" of the olfactory bulb to odorous stimuli. This work was designed to resolve the controversy by relating the different types of response to alertness of the animal and to concentration of the odour.\r\nThe envelope of 40 Hz activity from the olfactory bulbs of unanaesthetised cats was recorded on a polygraph, and found to vary with respiration. The animal's nose projected into a stream of clean air to which odorant could be added at different fixed rates for about a minute at intervals. The amplitude of induced wave activity during the stimulus was compared to that shortly before it.\r\nOdour concentrations were varied within a 5 x 10\u2076 -fold range and the logarithm taken. The alertness of the cat was estimated on a 5-point scale. The data for the middle alertness category were eliminated and those of the two extreme groups subjected to statistical analysis by multiple regression.\r\nThe percentage change in integrated induced wave activity during stimulus as compared to that during control in a drowsy cat was found to be independent of stimulus concentration and could be in either direction but usually increased. In an aroused cat regression to a third order polynomial was statistically\r\nsignificant (p < 0.02) and accounted for 0.34 of the variability. This result appears surprisingly good in view of the enormous spontaneous variation in the signal and the unreliability of the stimulus, both as to its exact concentration and in the resemblance of its presentation parameters to a square wave. It would be worth while to repeat this study with more animals, more odours and a. better olfactometer design.\r\nThe shape of the regression was predicted as follows. At low concentrations an alert cat would show an olfactory response in the form of a depression of induced waves. At intermediate concentrations an alarm response would sometimes increase alertness, augmenting the induced waves. At high concentrations the trigeminal-to-autonomic noxious vapour response would intervene, mechanically reducing access of air to olfactory receptors and\/ or respiration. A drowsy cat on the other hand might be subject to alerting by any suprathreshold concentration, or could ignore the stimulus with or without perceiving it.\r\nEffects of non-olfactory stimuli and spontaneous variations were in fact far more obvious than most of the \"olfactory responses\"."],"ubc_internal_repo":"dsp","program":["Physiology"],"title":["Induced waves in the olfactory bulb of the unrestrained cat"],"type":["Text"],"ubc_internal_handle":"","affiliation":["Medicine, Faculty of","Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Department of"],"dateAvailable":"2011-04-29T00:00:00Z","genre":["Thesis\/Dissertation"],"ubc_date_sort":"1971-12-31 AD","scholarlyLevel":["Graduate"]}},{"_index":"dsp.24-2022-11-12","_id":"1.0394150","_score":660.4959,"_source":{"creator":["Eagan, Bailey Hope"],"campus":["UBCV"],"degree":["Master of Science - MSc"],"description":["This study assessed how sound in an animal shelter affects cat behaviour. Singly housed cats (n=98) were observed over 5 months. Fear-related and maintenance-related behaviour were recorded for 30-minute periods on weekdays (AM 10:00-10:30, PM 20:00-20:30) or weekends (AM 7:00-7:30, PM 19:00-19:30) daily from admittance for 10 days or until removed. Cats observed both AM and PM on 2 or more weekdays were used for analysis (n=70).  Behaviour, plus presence of sound (classified by the source), was recorded using instantaneous and one-zero sampling with 15-second intervals. Each 30-minute observation period was classified as \u201cquiet\u201d or \u201cloud\u201d if the sound was above or below (respectively) the median for all periods at the same time of day. Data were analyzed by non-parametric Wilcoxon signed-rank tests for differences in behaviour between AM and PM periods. Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to test differences between age groups, source of cats, and Asilomar Accords. Mann-Whitney U tests were used to test differences in fear and maintenance behaviour between males and females. Cats varied widely in the amount of fear and maintenance behaviour they performed. Some spent all their observed time in fear behaviour (especially hiding) and no maintenance behaviour, while others showed no fear behaviour and spent up to 25% of observation intervals in maintenance behaviours. AM periods consistently had much more sound than PM. Cats showed more fear behaviour (p<0.001), and less maintenance behaviour (p<0.020) in AM than PM periods. Males showed less fear (p=0.003) and maintenance (p=0.035) behaviour than females. Cats showed more fear behaviour in loud AM than quiet AM periods (p=0.001) but no comparable difference was seen in maintenance behaviour (p=0.501). Where sessions included a pronounced change in sound level, fear-related behaviour was more common after a transition from quiet to loud (p=0.002, Wilcoxon signed ranks test) and tended to be less common after a transition from loud to quiet (p=0.125). The results show that cats vary greatly in their response to being moved to a shelter and suggest that sound in shelter environments can substantially affect the behaviour of cats. Lowering sound levels in shelters may help improve cat welfare."],"ubc_internal_repo":"dsp","program":["Applied Animal Biology"],"title":["The effect of animal shelter sound on cat behaviour and welfare"],"type":["Text"],"ubc_internal_handle":"","affiliation":["Land and Food Systems, Faculty of"],"dateAvailable":"2020-09-01T00:00:00Z","genre":["Thesis\/Dissertation"],"ubc_date_sort":"2020-12-31 AD","scholarlyLevel":["Graduate"]}},{"_index":"dsp.42591-2022-11-12","_id":"1.0397266","_score":646.18085,"_source":{"creator":["Wang, Jiling"],"affiliation":["Applied Science, Faculty of","Architecture and Landscape Architecture (SALA), School of"],"campus":["UBCV"],"dateAvailable":"2021-05-05T00:00:00Z","genre":["Graduating Project"],"description":["This project investigates the cat eradication program on Christmas Island, Australia, through the lens of Landscape Architecture. By focusing on the unequal power relations between people and animals, Reconciliation with the Cats extends environmental issues into social issues and asks for a radical change in human society through landscape design and intervention. It opens opportunities to redefine the relationships between human, animals, and nature, and showcases an alternative future for Christmas Island."],"ubc_date_sort":"2021-05-04 AD","scholarlyLevel":["Graduate"],"ubc_internal_repo":"dsp","title":["Reconciliation with the Cats"],"type":["Text"],"ubc_internal_handle":""}},{"_index":"dsp.24-2022-11-25","_id":"1.0394098","_score":618.59174,"_source":{"creator":["Eagan, Bailey Hope"],"campus":["UBCV"],"degree":["Master of Science - MSc"],"description":["This study assessed how sound in an animal shelter affects cat behaviour. Singly housed cats (n=98) were observed over 5 months. Fear-related and maintenance-related behaviour were recorded for 30-minute periods on weekdays (AM 10:00-10:30, PM 20:00-20:30) or weekends (AM 7:00-7:30, PM 19:00-19:30) daily from admittance for 10 days or until removed. Cats observed both AM and PM on 2 or more weekdays were used for analysis (n=70).  \r\nBehaviour, plus presence of sound (classified by the source), was recorded using instantaneous and one-zero sampling with 15-second intervals. Each 30-minute observation period was classified as \u201cquiet\u201d or \u201cloud\u201d if the sound was above or below (respectively) the median for all periods at the same time of day. Data were analyzed by non-parametric Wilcoxon signed-rank tests for differences in behaviour between AM and PM periods. Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to test differences between age groups, source of cats, and Asilomar Accords. Mann-Whitney U tests were used to test differences in fear and maintenance behaviour between males and females. Cats varied widely in the amount of fear and maintenance behaviour they performed. Some spent all their observed time in fear behaviour (especially hiding) and no maintenance behaviour, while others showed no fear behaviour and spent up to 25% of observation intervals in maintenance behaviours. AM periods consistently had much more sound than PM. Cats showed more fear behaviour (p<0.001), and less maintenance behaviour (p<0.020) in AM than PM periods. Males showed less fear (p=0.003) and maintenance (p=0.035) behaviour than females.\r\nCats showed more fear behaviour in loud AM than quiet AM periods (p=0.001) but no comparable difference was seen in maintenance behaviour (p=0.501). Where sessions included a pronounced change in sound level, fear-related behaviour was more common after a transition from quiet to loud (p=0.002, Wilcoxon signed ranks test) and tended to be less common after a transition from loud to quiet (p=0.125). The results show that cats vary greatly in their response to being moved to a shelter and suggest that sound in shelter environments can substantially affect the behaviour of cats. Lowering sound levels in shelters may help improve cat welfare.\r\n\u2003"],"ubc_internal_repo":"dsp","program":["Applied Animal Biology"],"title":["The effect of animal shelter sound on cat behaviour and welfare"],"type":["Text"],"ubc_internal_handle":"","affiliation":["Land and Food Systems, Faculty of"],"dateAvailable":"2020-08-31T00:00:00Z","genre":["Thesis\/Dissertation"],"ubc_date_sort":"2020-12-31 AD","scholarlyLevel":["Graduate"]}},{"_index":"dsp.831-2022-11-12","_id":"1.0090034","_score":590.53125,"_source":{"extent":["4514543 bytes"],"creator":["Gourkow, Nadine"],"campus":["UBCV"],"degree":["Master of Science - MSc"],"description":["Rates of adoption for adult cats in animal shelters have always been very low, thus\r\nthese animals are often subjected to euthanasia and\/or long periods of confinement.\r\nFurthermore, housing of shelter cats has traditionally focused on disease prevention; this has\r\nled to the use of barren, individual cages with only basic items necessary for self-maintenance.\r\nTo improve the welfare of shelter cats it is necessary to increase the rate of adoption, reduce\r\nthe time spent in shelter, and improve the living conditions while in the shelter. This study\r\nexplored factors that influence the rate of adoption of shelter cats and the length of time they\r\nspend awaiting adoption, as well as the animals' health and psychological well-being during\r\ntheir stay at the shelter. In addition, factors that influence people's selection of shelter cats\r\nwere examined.\r\nTwo factors \u2014 the complexity of the environment and consistency of handling were\r\nvaried to create four treatments. The \"Standard Treatment\" represented conditions typical of\r\nNorth American shelters. Housing consisted of individual stainless-steel cages measuring\r\n(length by width by height) 70 x 70 x 55 cm, equipped with a food and water bowl, a litter\r\nbox and a towel. Daily care of the cats was carried out by a number of staff and volunteers\r\nusing a variety of handling techniques. The \"Enriched Single Treatment\" provided similar\r\ncage type and furnishings plus a shelf and a hiding area; consistent handling and opportunity\r\nfor familiarization with one caretaker was provided. The \"Basic Communal Treatment\"\r\naccommodated up to 8 cats in a cage measuring 2.30 x 1.60 x 2.40 m and equipped with 10\r\nsquare shelves measuring 33 x 33 cm placed at varying heights and several semi-hiding areas\r\nsized to accommodate only one cat at a time. This treatment also included consistent\r\nhandling and opportunity for familiarization with one caretaker plus some opportunity for\r\nsocialization with other cats while providing cats with lots of personal space. The \"Enriched\r\nCommunal Treatment\" included a group cage of similar size designed to reduce the amount\r\nof personal space available to each cat; handling and familiarization were the same as the\r\nprevious treatment. The fate of 165 cats was monitored until they were either \"Adopted\"\r\n\"Euthanised due to illness\", \"Sent to isolation due to illness\" or \"Time up\" after 21 days on\r\ndisplay without being adopted. Stress level was monitored using the \"Cat-Stress-Score\"\r\n(Kessler & Turner, 1997), a non-invasive behavioural stress measure.\r\nTreatment affected the fate of cats. The Standard Treatment yielded the lowest\r\nadoption rate (45 %), highest euthanasia rate (16%), and longest median wait time before\r\nbeing adopted (12.5 days); while adoption rate was between 68 and 76%, euthanasia rate\r\nbetween 2 and 6% and median length of stay approximately 5 days for the three alternative\r\ntreatments\r\nTreatment also affected stress scores. Least squares analysis showed a significant\r\neffect of treatment (F3, 113 = 5.67, P < 0.001) and a significant regression of scores on\r\ndays (F1, 349 = 38.5, P < 0.001), but no interaction of treatment and days (F = 0.24).\r\nStress scores declined gradually over days with a slope of - 0.065 (\u00b1 S.E of 0.016). The\r\nDuncan's Multiple Range Test showed that the Standard Treatment was significantly higher\r\n(P<0.05) than all other treatments, whereas the other treatments did not differ from each\r\nother. The non-parametric Kruskall-Wallis test confirmed the result (P<0.0084). A similar\r\nanalysis showed a significant difference between cats classified according to the four\r\noutcomes (Adopted, Euthanised, Sent to Isolation, Time-up) (F 3, 104 = 3.77, P <0.05). The\r\nDuncan's Multiple Range Test showed that the cats that were \"euthanised\" had significandy\r\nhigher scores (P<0.05) than the other three outcome categories, whereas the other outcome\r\ncategories did not differ from each other (Adopted, Sent to Isolation, Time-up). The non-parametric\r\nKruskall-Walks test confirmed the significance of the difference (P<0.05\r\nSeventy-three percent of adopters responded to a questionnaire at time of adoption.\r\nFactors reported by adopters as most influential in the selection of individual cats were\r\n\"Friendliness towards adopter\" (100% of respondents), \"Playfulness\" (86%), \"Happy\r\ndisposition\" (73%), \"Friendliness towards other cats\" (69%), \"Neutered\" (70%), \"Coat\r\nlength\" (69%) and \"Being able to enter the cage with the cats\" (74%).\r\nBased on these findings and previous research, it seems possible to improve the\r\nwelfare of shelter cats with the use of more complex environments designed to meet the\r\nneeds of cats and consistent handling routines that involve familiarization with one caretaker."],"ubc_internal_repo":"dsp","program":["Animal Science"],"type":["Text"],"title":["Factors affecting the welfare and adoption rate of cats in an animal shelter"],"ubc_internal_handle":"","affiliation":["Land and Food Systems, Faculty of"],"dateAvailable":"2009-07-30T00:00:00Z","genre":["Thesis\/Dissertation"],"ubc_date_sort":"2001-12-31 AD","scholarlyLevel":["Graduate"]}},{"_index":"dsp.831-2022-11-13","_id":"1.0105773","_score":573.24316,"_source":{"creator":["Steiner, K. David"],"campus":["UBCV"],"degree":["Master of Science - MSc"],"description":["The indirect in vivo inhibition of the enzyme glutamic acid decarboxylase\r\n(GAD) by either vitamin B-6 deficiency or the administration of vitamin B-6 antimetabolites decreases the conversion of glutamic acid to gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) in brain. This decrease is a concomitant to the occurrence of seizures resembling grand mal. The in vivo reactivation of GAD by vitamin B-6 administration and\/or by the topical application of GABA to the brain surface reduces the intensity of the convulsions. Because of this, it has been suggested that a decrease in the conversion of glutamic acid to GABA in brain may be a factor in the precipitation and maintenance of epileptic seizures.\r\nIn order to investigate this suggestion, the in vivo metabolism of C-14 labelled glutamic acid to GABA and other amino acids was quantitatively determined in various brain areas of several normal cats; a cat with a epileptogenic\r\nlesion in the left motor cortex produced by alumina cream; and one cat in status epilepticus.\r\nThroughout most non-epileptogenic brain areas there were similar rates of conversion of glutamic acid to GABA, aspartic acid and glutamine. Notable exceptions to this consistency were found repeatedly in the quadri-geminal plate, thalamus and putamen-globus pallidus where there was a higher conversion of glutamic acid to GABA. No apparent consistency in the degree of conversion of glutamic acid to the other amino acids could be discerned throughout the brain of the cat in status epilepticus.\r\nIn the epileptogenic lesion there was a decrease in the conversion of glutamic acid to GABA, which is compatible with the suggestion that a reduction in GABA levels increases the degree of brain excitability."],"ubc_internal_repo":"dsp","program":["Neuroscience"],"title":["The metabolism of radioactive glutamic acid in normal and epileptic cat brain"],"type":["Text"],"ubc_internal_handle":"","affiliation":["Medicine, Faculty of"],"dateAvailable":"2011-11-23T00:00:00Z","genre":["Thesis\/Dissertation"],"ubc_date_sort":"1962-12-31 AD","scholarlyLevel":["Graduate"]}},{"_index":"dsp.831-2022-11-13","_id":"1.0090906","_score":564.4384,"_source":{"extent":["5576313 bytes"],"creator":["Li, P\u02bbing"],"campus":["UBCV"],"degree":["Master of Science - MSc"],"description":["The developing visual cortex has served as a model system for understanding activity-dependent neural development, learning and memory, and the treatment and prognosis of some diseases. The anatomy, physiology, development, and plasticity of the visual cortex have been well characterized at the systems level. However, current knowledge of molecular mechanisms underlying visual cortical development remains limited. The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the cellular and laminar distributions of two proteins (OBCAM and IL-11) in the visual cortex during postnatal development, as there is evidence suggesting that these proteins may play important roles in visual cortical development and plasticity. The expressions of OBCAM and IL-11 were characterized in the primary visual cortices of normal cats at various postnatal ages as well as in 4-month-old dark-reared cats. The relative immunopositive cell density was determined across visual cortical layers. OBCAM and IL-11 expressions are regulated by age and rearing condition. OBCAM immunoreactivity is highest between 2 and 4 weeks of age and then rapidly reduced afterwards until 6 weeks of age, when it is then similar to adult levels. IL-11 immunoreactivity is highest between 1 and 2 weeks of age and then rapidly reduced after 2 weeks of age until 4 weeks of age, when it is similar to adult levels. Dark rearing slowed the decrease of both proteins. Our data indicated the expression levels of these two proteins were well correlated with the level of ocular dominance plasticity, and suggested that OBCAM and IL-11 might be involved in visual cortical plasticity. Unfortunately, the results from western blot and immunocytochemical analysis of AC-7 and Rap1B demonstrated that the antibodies were not specific to AC-7 and Rap1B in cat tissue. Therefore, the developmental studies of AC-7 and Rap1B were not performed."],"ubc_internal_repo":"dsp","program":["Neuroscience"],"type":["Text"],"title":["Immunocytochemical studies of plasticity candidate proteins in the cat primary visual cortex during postnatal development"],"ubc_internal_handle":"","affiliation":["Medicine, Faculty of"],"dateAvailable":"2009-10-17T00:00:00Z","genre":["Thesis\/Dissertation"],"ubc_date_sort":"2002-12-31 AD","scholarlyLevel":["Graduate"]}},{"_index":"dsp.831-2022-11-13","_id":"1.0106553","_score":564.34485,"_source":{"creator":["Griffiths, Roy Scott"],"campus":["UBCV"],"degree":["Master of Science - MSc"],"description":["In the present investigation the effect on brightness discrimination of ablations of various parts of the cerebral cortex of cats has been examined.\r\nThe background for this project lay in the work of Kluver and Bucy (1939) who observed \"psychic blindness\u201d in monkeys with bilateral temporal ablations and that of Chow, Blum and Blum (1951) and Riopelle, Alper, Strong and Ades (1953) who found no such loss of simple visual properties from similar ablations in monkeys.\r\nSince it is not possible to subject the cat to the complex experimental tests of the monkey, and since a rigorous control of the stimulus situation was desired, the present investigation deals with brightness discrimination only. It was found that bilateral ablations of the cerebral cortex had a deleterious effect on brightness discrimination. The specific test did not differentiate among the effects of ablations of the frontal, temporal and parietal association areas although the total post-operative behavior of the animals easily indicated the specific site of the lesions."],"ubc_internal_repo":"dsp","program":["Neuroscience"],"title":["The effect of temporal, frontal and parietal lobe ablations on the maze behavior of cats"],"type":["Text"],"ubc_internal_handle":"","affiliation":["Medicine, Faculty of"],"dateAvailable":"2012-02-24T00:00:00Z","genre":["Thesis\/Dissertation"],"ubc_date_sort":"1954-12-31 AD","scholarlyLevel":["Graduate"]}},{"_index":"dsp.831-2022-11-13","_id":"1.0106246","_score":554.80255,"_source":{"creator":["Ling, George M"],"campus":["UBCV"],"degree":["Master of Arts - MA"],"description":["A method is reported for the bilateral, synchronous distribution of injected drugs to both sides of the brain simultaneously. Arguments have been made for the advantages of this approach over unilateral intracarotid injections for studying the direct effect of drugs on central synaptic sites.\r\nUsing this method, preliminary studies have been made of the effects of both adrenergic and cholinergic drugs on the activation of the electroencephalogram in both unanesthetized curarized cats and in cats subjected to mid-brain reticular coagulation. These studies indicate the possible co-existence of both adrenergic and cholinergic components in the mid-brain reticular formation and suggests that anatomically these sites probably are not identical."],"ubc_internal_repo":"dsp","program":["Pharmacology"],"title":["Some adrenergic and cholinergic factors in the activation of the electroencephalogram in cat"],"type":["Text"],"ubc_internal_handle":"","affiliation":["Medicine, Faculty of","Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Department of"],"dateAvailable":"2012-01-30T00:00:00Z","genre":["Thesis\/Dissertation"],"ubc_date_sort":"1957-12-31 AD","scholarlyLevel":["Graduate"]}},{"_index":"dsp.48630-2022-11-14","_id":"1.0300357","_score":541.36945,"_source":{"extent":["31 minutes"],"creator":["Zhang, Huan"],"affiliation":["Non UBC"],"subject":["Mathematics","Statistics","Applied statistics"],"dateAvailable":"2016-04-29T00:00:00Z","ubc_date_sort":"2015-10-29 AD","scholarlyLevel":["Graduate"],"ubc_internal_repo":"dsp","title":["Quantitative analysis of the basis risk of index-linked CAT"],"type":["Moving Image"],"ubc_internal_handle":""}},{"_index":"dsp.831-2022-11-13","_id":"1.0096857","_score":541.3665,"_source":{"creator":["Accili, Eric Anthony"],"campus":["UBCV"],"degree":["Master of Science - MSc"],"description":["Normal levels of CO\u2082 are responsible for the maintenance of approximately 30% of sympathetic neurogenic vascular tone in intact cats. The central medullary chemoreceptors have been implicated as the major source of this CO\u2082 dependent neurogenic vascular tone. However, it is possible that spinal cord CO\u2082 sensitivity could also have mediated a portion of neurogenic vascular tone.\r\nCats with acute and chronic spinal transections can maintain near normal levels of systemic arterial blood pressure, and show cardiovascular and sympathetic reflex changes in response to a variety of stimuli.\r\nThus, it seemed likely that the acute spinal cat could exhibit the spinal component of CO\u2082 mediated sympathetic neurogenic vascular tone. Therefore the effects of systemic CO\u2082 increases on the perfusion pressures of vascularly isolated hindlimbs autoperfused at constant flow (as an indication of vascular resistance and sympathetic vascular tone) were studied in the acute cervical spinal cat. The contributions of the lumbar sympathetic system and the adrenal glands to perfusion pressure responses to CO\u2082 were evaluated.\r\nExperiments were carried out in mongrel cats with acute cervical (C2) transections. Each cat had one leg denervated by cutting and stripping the lumbar sympathetic chain from L\u2081-L\u2087. In all cats each hindlimb was vascularly isolated and perfused with blood taken from the abdominal aorta. Bilateral adrenalectomy was performed on 8 animals.\r\nCO\u2082 administration for 5 minutes resulted in biphasic increases in the perfusion pressures of both legs which were designated peak1 (P1) and peak2 (P2). Increasing PCO\u2082 from 16 to 38mm Hg, and from 16 to 62mm Hg resulted in significant P1 and P2 responses of the innervated leg. This also resulted in a significant P2 response, and an observable but insignificant P1 response, of the denervated leg. Adrenalectomy reduced P1 and P2 responses of the innervated leg, and abolished the P1 response and reduced the P2 response of the denervated leg. In non-adrenalectomized cats increasing PCO\u2082 also resulted in a significant increase in systemic arterial pressure (SAP) with no changes in heart rate (HR). In adrenalectomized cats increasing PCO\u2082 resulted in an observable but non-significant increase in SAP and a significant decrease in HR.\r\nThese results suggested that:\r\n1) The P1 response was primarily a sympathetic neurogenic response to increased CO\u2082.\r\n2) The P2 response was primarily a hormonal response to CO\u2082 in the denervated leg, and a combination of hormonal and sympathetic neurogenic responses to CO\u2082 in the innervated leg.\r\n3) The adrenal glands were mostly involved in the P2 response to CO\u2082, but possibly had a small role in the P1 response.\r\n4) Other non-adrenal vasoconstrictor hormones may have played a role in the P2 response to C0\u2082.\r\n5) Likely, CO\u2082 initially activated the sympathetic system to directly increase neurogenic tone, perhaps by stimulating sympathetic afferent or efferent neurons, or hypothetical spinal chemosensitive regions. Progressively the adrenal and possibly other unidentified vasoconstrictor hormone systems became activated, either directly by CO\u2082 or indirectly by CO\u2082 mediated sympathetic activation. These hormone systems may have also played a role in CO\u2082 mediated maintenance of vascular tone."],"ubc_internal_repo":"dsp","program":["Physiology"],"title":["The effects of systematic hypercapnia on the hindlimb perfusion pressures of acute spinal cats"],"type":["Text"],"ubc_internal_handle":"","affiliation":["Medicine, Faculty of","Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Department of"],"dateAvailable":"2010-07-07T00:00:00Z","genre":["Thesis\/Dissertation"],"ubc_date_sort":"1987-12-31 AD","scholarlyLevel":["Graduate"]}},{"_index":"dsp.24-2022-11-12","_id":"1.0357482","_score":520.35486,"_source":{"creator":["Mitelut, Catalin C."],"campus":["UBCV"],"degree":["Doctor of Philosophy - PhD"],"description":["Throughout most of the 20th century the brain has been studied as a reflexive system with ever improving recording methods being applied within a variety of sensory and behavioural paradigms.\r\nYet the brains of most animals (and all mammals) are spontaneously active with incoming sensory stimuli modulating rather than driving neural activity.\r\nThe aim of this thesis is to characterize spontaneous neural activity across multiple temporal and spatial scales relying on biophysical simulations, experiments and analysis of recordings from the visual cortex of cats and dorsal cortex and thalamus of mouse.\r\nBiophysically detailed simulations yielded novel datasets for testing spike sorting algorithms which are critical for isolating single neuron activity. Sorting algorithms tested provided low error rates with operator skill being as important as sorting suite. Simulated datasets have similar characteristics to in vivo acquired data and ongoing larger-scope efforts are proposed for developing the next generation of spike sorting algorithms and extracellular probes.\r\nSingle neuron spontaneous activity was correlated to dorsal cortex neural activity in mice. Spike-triggered-maps revealed that spontaneously firing cortical neurons were co-activated with homotopic and mono-synaptically connected cortical areas, whereas thalamic neurons co-activated\r\nwith more diversely connected areas. Both bursting and tonic firing modes yielded similar maps and the time courses of spike-triggered-maps revealed distinct patterns suggesting such dynamics may constitute intrinsic single neuron properties. The mapping technique extends previous work to\r\nfurther link spontaneous neural activity across temporal and spatial scales and suggests additional avenues of investigation.\r\nSynchronized state cat visual and mouse sensory cortex electrophysiological recordings revealed that spontaneously occurring activity UP-state transitions fall into stereotyped classes of events that can be grouped. Single visual cortex neurons active during UP-state transitions fire in a partially preserved order extending previous findings on high firing rate neurons in rat  somatosensory and auditory cortex. The firing order for many neurons changes over periods longer than 30-minutes suggesting a complex non-stationary temporal neural code may underlie spontaneous and stimulus\r\nevoked neural activity.\r\nThis thesis shows that ongoing spontaneous brain activity contains substantial structure that can be used to further our understanding of brain function."],"ubc_internal_repo":"dsp","program":["Neuroscience"],"title":["Characterizing single neuron activity patterns and dynamics using multi-scale spontaneous neuronal activity recordings of cat and mouse cortex"],"type":["Text"],"ubc_internal_handle":"","affiliation":["Medicine, Faculty of"],"dateAvailable":"2017-11-08T00:00:00Z","genre":["Thesis\/Dissertation"],"ubc_date_sort":"2017-12-31 AD","scholarlyLevel":["Graduate"]}},{"_index":"dsp.831-2022-11-13","_id":"1.0064490","_score":516.34576,"_source":{"extent":["15947168 bytes"],"creator":["Agbo, Seth A."],"campus":["UBCV"],"degree":["Doctor of Philosophy - PhD"],"description":["Contemporary literature on Native education attributes the failure of education for Native\r\nchildren to the negligence of educational policy analysts to obtain grassroots understanding of\r\nIndian education from Native perspectives, and that providing successful education programs for\r\nNative students should entail an understanding of the purpose and priorities of education from\r\nthe viewpoints of Native people. The premises for this study were that, first, the failure of\r\neducation for Indian children was, partly, due to the failure of researchers to analyze education\r\nconcepts within a framework which fully interprets Native people's perspectives about schooling.\r\nSecond, that Native people are capable of acting to improve their school system.\r\nThis study had a dual purpose. First, it was to examine how the present system of\r\neducation provided for Native children in the Indian reserve of Cat Lake, Ontario, might have\r\nbeen inadequate in terms of the expectations of the Indians living in the reserve. Second, the\r\nstudy was to serve as a basis of helping community people to mobilize themselves for action on\r\neducational issues. The study documented what Native people perceived were the shortcomings\r\nas well as priorities for their school system, and proposed strategies for the improvement of\r\nschooling. The objective of the study was to collaborate with the people of Cat Lake to identify\r\nproblems, and priorities for their school system and find strategies by which to act on both the\r\nproblems and priorities for the improvement of the school system.\r\nThe research strategy for this study drew on participatory research, an alternative\r\nresearch approach to social science and educational research. The methods of investigation\r\nincluded document analysis, workshops, public meetings, recorded observations in the form of\r\nfield notes, and semi-structured interviews involving the use of open-ended questionnaires with fifty-eight respondents. The various sources of data and procedures employed in their analysis\r\npromoted both the verification and cross validation of the results. The researcher's position as\r\nprincipal of the school in Cat Lake provided deep insight into understanding, interpreting and\r\nanalyzing the data for the study.\r\nThe results of the study indicated that although community people perceive schooling as\r\nan institution alien to the traditions and values of Indian people, they deem it important for their\r\nchildren to obtain quality education and attain standards comparable to children in the\r\nmainstream Canadian society. This study showed that community people lacked understanding\r\nof the meaning of local control and the processes involved in school governance. The study also\r\nindicated that among the factors that hinder an effective provision of quality education for Native\r\nchildren are, the poor general social and economic environment of the Indian reserve, and\r\nattitudes of community people towards schooling. Finally, the study highlighted community\r\npeople's priorities for schooling in the reserve, and strategies they suggested for their\r\nimplementation.\r\nThis study concluded that: (1) a two-way or bi-cultural approach to education, that is,\r\nchildren maintaining the Indian way of life, while at the same time being competent in literacy\r\nand numeracy skills, is a way of making education relevant to the Native child; (2) in order to\r\nenhance the quality of school programs for Native students, Indian schools should minimize their\r\nreliance on mainstream Canadian school curricular products and develop a new school concept\r\nwhich emphasizes the traditions and culture of Native people; (3) priorities for the education\r\nof Indian children should include a re-conceptualization of local control, the articulation of a new\r\nmeaning and purpose of education, the development of a suitable curriculum, and the provision of adequate support and maintenance facilities for the school system; and (4) for local control\r\nof education to be beneficial to Native students, politicians and education policy analysts should\r\nclearly redefine objectives concerning local control and the devolution of power should\r\nnecessitate the empowerment of local people to maintain control under conditions of increasing\r\nand multiplying awareness of a philosophy of education that is capable of improving the social\r\nand economic lives of Native children. I have discussed the implications for policy, practice and\r\nfurther studies, as well as recommendations arising from the research and concluded with a\r\nsummary of the study."],"ubc_internal_repo":"dsp","program":["Education"],"type":["Text"],"title":["Viewpoints of native people on education: problems and priorities of schooling in Cat Lake, Ontario"],"ubc_internal_handle":"","affiliation":["Education, Faculty of"],"dateAvailable":"2009-03-19T00:00:00Z","genre":["Thesis\/Dissertation"],"ubc_date_sort":"1996-12-31 AD","scholarlyLevel":["Graduate"]}},{"_index":"dsp.831-2022-11-13","_id":"1.0086692","_score":515.0754,"_source":{"extent":["9258319 bytes"],"creator":["Marlin, Stuart Graham"],"campus":["UBCV"],"degree":["Doctor of Philosophy - PhD"],"description":["The locus and mechanisms of adaptation of neurons in Area 17 of the cat were\r\ninvestigated with extracellular unit recording techniques. Following prolonged visual\r\nstimulation, the responses of cells in Area 17 were reduced. The adaptation-induced\r\nchanges in the responsivity of neurons could be restricted to small regions of the cell's\r\nreceptive field and could show adaptation effects which spread asymmetrically across\r\nthe receptive field. Prolonged unidirectional motion resulted in changes in the\r\nexcitatory and inhibitory interactions between receptive field positions. These changes\r\nare thought to underlie the adaptation-induced changes in direction selectivity in\r\ncortical cells. The adaptation was not reduced by pharmacological agents which block\r\nthe inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid. Neurons in the lateral\r\ngeniculate nucleus did not show adaptation at rates of stimulation which were optimal\r\nfor inducing adaptation in cortical neurons. These experiments demonstrate that the\r\nadaptation of responses observed in visual cortical cells is not due to a general process\r\nwhich affects the responsivity of the cell, nor is adaptation the product of a\r\nGABAergic inhibitory input onto the cell. Rather adaptation must be a process\r\noccuring locally in either the pre or postsynaptic terminal or distal dendrites."],"ubc_internal_repo":"dsp","program":["Psychology"],"type":["Text"],"title":["Adaptation of responses to prolonged stimulation in single neurons in area 17 of the cat"],"ubc_internal_handle":"","affiliation":["Arts, Faculty of","Psychology, Department of"],"dateAvailable":"2008-12-23T00:00:00Z","genre":["Thesis\/Dissertation"],"ubc_date_sort":"1992-12-31 AD","scholarlyLevel":["Graduate"]}},{"_index":"cdm.arphotos-2024-02-08","_id":"1.0152881","_score":508.90848,"_source":{"extent":["18 x 12 cm"],"creator":["[unknown]"],"subject":["Outdoor Exhibition of Sculpture","Portrait of Cat (sculpture)","Sculptures"],"dateAvailable":"2003-11-07T00:00:00Z","genre":["Photographs"],"ubc_date_sort":"1958-07-22 AD","ubc_internal_repo":"cdm","title":["Marvin Levitt sculpture \"Portrait of Cat\" at the Outdoor Exhibition of Sculpture"],"type":["Still Image"],"ubc_internal_handle":"cdm.arphotos.28435"}},{"_index":"dsp.831-2022-11-12","_id":"1.0088165","_score":505.88953,"_source":{"extent":["3396917 bytes"],"creator":["Thejomayen, D. Moira"],"campus":["UBCV"],"degree":["Doctor of Philosophy - PhD"],"description":["Using the double-labeling technique with fluorescent tracers local patch and callosal\r\nneurons in area 18 of the cat were studied. The main goal was to determine whether single\r\ncortical neurons participate in both the local patch networks and callosal projection. Callosal\r\nand local patch neurons were found in overlapping and interdigitating patch networks.\r\nDouble-labeled cells were not found in the regions of overlap between the two populations\r\nof labeled cells, or in any other locations in area 18, suggesting that the callosal and local\r\npatch neurons form separate neuronal populations in the superficial layers of cat area 18.\r\nThe morphology of local patch neurons was next examined and compared to callosal\r\nneurons in the superficial layers of area 18. The local patch neurons were mostly spiny\r\npyramidal neurons including modified, small to medium sized standard, and star pyramids.\r\nSmooth, multipolar neurons, presumably of the basket cell type were also present. In the\r\ntangential plane, the basal dendritic trees of about half of the local patch pyramidal neurons\r\nin layer 2\/3 had mediolaterally elongated fields and the rest had circular fields. The callosal\r\nneurons in layer 2\/3 were standard, fusiform, and star pyramids. Callosal standard\r\npyramids were, on average, larger than the local patch standard pyramids based on mean\r\nvalues of somatic areal measurements. The mean dendritic field width of the callosal cells\r\nwas also larger than that of the local cells. Callosal cells also possesed a more complex\r\ndendritic branching pattern, with numerous branch points. Both features appear to be\r\nindependent of cell size. Finally, almost all the callosal cells had closely circular dendritic\r\nfields when viewed in the tangential plane. Thus, the local patch and callosal neurons can\r\nbe distinguished from each other by morphological and morphometric parameters."],"ubc_internal_repo":"dsp","program":["Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology"],"type":["Text"],"title":["The dendritic morphology of local patch and callosal neurons in the superficial layers of cat visual cortex (area 18)"],"ubc_internal_handle":"","affiliation":["Medicine, Faculty of"],"dateAvailable":"2009-04-10T00:00:00Z","genre":["Thesis\/Dissertation"],"ubc_date_sort":"1994-12-31 AD","scholarlyLevel":["Graduate"]}},{"_index":"dsp.831-2022-11-13","_id":"1.0098405","_score":498.37634,"_source":{"creator":["Stumpf, Erika"],"campus":["UBCV"],"degree":["Master of Arts - MA"],"description":["The primary auditory cortex (area AI) plays an important role in the localization of static sound sources. However, little is known concerning how it processes information about sound source motion. This study was undertaken to investigate the responses of single neurons in the primary auditory cortex of the cat to correlates of auditory motion in space. Diotic and dichotic changes in sound intensity presented through earphones simulated auditory motion in four directions: toward and away from the receiver along the midline, into the ipsilateral hemifield and into the contralateral hemifield. Different rates of intensity change simulated sound source velocity. Results indicate that AI neurons can be highly selective to intensity correlates of auditory motion. Three major classes of neurons were encountered: neurons sensitive to motion toward or away from the receiver, neurons sensitive to ipsilateral- or contralateral-directed motion, and monaural-like neurons. The different classes of direction-selective neurons were spatially segregated from each other and appeared to occur in clusters or columns in the cortex. In addition to their selectivity for different directions of simulated sound source motion, AI neurons also responded selectively to the rate and excursion of intensity changes, a correlate of sound source velocity. The major determinants of direction and velocity selectivity were interactions between the following response properties of AI neurons: binaural interaction type, ear dominance, on\/off responses, and monotonicity of rate\/intensity function. These findings suggest that neural processing of auditory motion may involve neural mechanisms distinct from those involved in static sound localization, and indicate that some neurons in the primary auditory cortex may be part of a specialized motion-detecting mechanism in the auditory system."],"ubc_internal_repo":"dsp","program":["Psychology"],"title":["Neurons in cat primary auditory cortex sensitive to correlates of auditory motion in three-dimensional space"],"type":["Text"],"ubc_internal_handle":"","affiliation":["Arts, Faculty of","Psychology, Department of"],"dateAvailable":"2010-10-28T00:00:00Z","genre":["Thesis\/Dissertation"],"ubc_date_sort":"1990-12-31 AD","scholarlyLevel":["Graduate"]}},{"_index":"dsp.831-2022-11-13","_id":"1.0090725","_score":473.00513,"_source":{"extent":["19606055 bytes"],"creator":["Sabunciyan, Sarven Harutyun"],"campus":["UBCV"],"degree":["Doctor of Philosophy - PhD"],"description":["This thesis investigates the possible involvement of the homologues of the\r\ndrosophila developmental genes in the postnatal development of the cat visual system.\r\nInitially, the cDNA's of homeotic genes PBX1, PBX2 and the homologues of the segment\r\npolarity genes BMP4, BMP6, BMP type II receptor, Wnt-1, and FrzB were partially\r\ncloned in the cat. We report that the mRNA expression of these genes is developmentally\r\nregulated in the postnatal cat visual cortex. To further substantiate our hypothesis that\r\nthe homologues of the drosophila developmental genes contribute to the postnatal\r\ndevelopment of the cat visual cortex, the expression of the beta-catenin protein was\r\ncharacterized in the visual system of normally developing and deprived kittens. The\r\nbeta-catenin protein, which is a downstream effector of the Wnt-1 signalling pathway, is\r\ncapable of functioning both as a transcription factor and a cell adhesion molecule.\r\nConsistent with its characterized role as a transcription factor, the beta-catenin protein\r\nbecomes nuclearized in L G N neurons at the end of the period for thalamocortical\r\nplasticity. Hence, one of the putative functions of the beta-catenin protein in postnatal\r\nvisual development is proposed to be ending thalamocortical plasticity. The role of the\r\nbeta-catenin protein in cellular adhesion is to anchor the cadherin cell adhesion molecules\r\nto the actin cytoskeleton. Interestingly, the beta-catenin\/cadherin cell adhesion system in\r\nneurons is located at synapses. Fittingly, both the cadherin and the beta-catenin proteins\r\nare expressed in the neuropil of the geniculate and the visual cortex and this expression is\r\nprominent in layer IV of the visual cortex. In addition, the temporal expression of these\r\nproteins correlates with the critical period. Furthermore, neuropil expression of betacatenin\r\nand cadherin proteins is altered in the L G N in response to monocular deprivation.\r\nThis finding suggest a role for these molecules in the competition occurring between X -\r\nand Y - cell arbours. In summary, beta-catenin appears to act as a multi-functional protein\r\nand contribute to different facets of postnatal visual development in the cat. These\r\n\r\nfindings endorse our original hypothesis that the homologues of the drosophila\r\ndevelopmental genes are involved in the development of the cat visual system."],"ubc_internal_repo":"dsp","program":["Neuroscience"],"type":["Text"],"title":["Homologues of the homeotic and segment polarity genes are involved in the postnatal development of the cat visual system"],"ubc_internal_handle":"","affiliation":["Medicine, Faculty of"],"dateAvailable":"2009-10-09T00:00:00Z","genre":["Thesis\/Dissertation"],"ubc_date_sort":"2001-12-31 AD","scholarlyLevel":["Graduate"]}},{"_index":"dsp.24-2023-08-23","_id":"1.0066156","_score":468.27698,"_source":{"extent":["964668 bytes"],"creator":["Shaghaghi, Mehran"],"campus":["UBCV"],"degree":["Master of Science - MSc"],"description":["In this thesis I address two different topics in quantum theory. The first one is the long discussed Schrodinger's cat problem, and the issues related to having a macroscopic superposition state. I show that the quantum theory provides full explanation to the problem. In the second part, I discuss the time measurement related issues in quantum mechanics. Since there does not exist any time operator in quantum mechanics generally, time is not directly measurable. Therefore we should devise other methods to register time. We study different time-energy relations and will find that accurate clocks have high energy uncertainties. If we use accurate clocks in quantum systems to observe their time evolutions, their high energy uncertainties interfere with system's normal evolution and slows it down. I also provide a formal proof to a previously suggested limiting accuracy relation on the measurements of the time-of-arrival experiments."],"ubc_internal_repo":"dsp","program":["Physics"],"type":["Text"],"title":["Topics in quantum physics: Schrodinger's cat problem - time measurement accuracies in quantum mechanics"],"ubc_internal_handle":"","affiliation":["Science, Faculty of","Physics and Astronomy, Department of"],"dateAvailable":"2007-11-30T00:00:00Z","genre":["Thesis\/Dissertation"],"ubc_date_sort":"2007-12-31 AD","scholarlyLevel":["Graduate"]}},{"_index":"dsp.52383-2025-02-16","_id":"1.0447521","_score":463.1538,"_source":{"creator":["Gordon, Tessa","Eldridge, Lynn","Aurora, Saljae"],"affiliation":["Dentistry, Faculty of","Non UBC","Oral Health Sciences (OHS), Department of"],"subject":["motoneuron plasticity","neuromuscular activity","motor nerves","peripheral nerve size"],"dateAvailable":"2024-12-17T00:00:00Z","genre":["Article"],"description":["Whether neuromuscular activity influences the size of motor nerves is controversial. All neuromuscular activity in cat hindlimbs was eliminated by spinal cord isolation (SCI), namely, spinal cord transection above and below the medial gastrocnemius (MG) and soleus (SOL) motoneuron pools and L5-S3 dorsal root transection. MG, SOL and sural (SUR) nerves were removed for size measurements, eight months after SCI surgery and from age-matched control cats. Nerve fiber number, the linear relationship between axon size and myelin thickness, and the bimodal distributions of nerve fiber area and diameter were maintained in all three nerves after SCI. The distributions of myelinated sensory fibers were unchanged in SUR nerves in contrast to the myelinated motor fibers in the MG and SOL nerves that were significantly larger. These findings provide evidence that all lumbar motoneurons survive SCI and that their nerve fibers enlarge. Thus, motor nerve fiber size in addition to the properties of the motoneurons and their muscle fibers is dynamic, responding to neuromuscular activity."],"ubc_date_sort":"2022-10-18 AD","scholarlyLevel":["Faculty"],"ubc_internal_repo":"dsp","title":["Enlargement of the Nerve Fibers of Silenced Lumbosacral Motoneurons in Cats"],"type":["Text"],"ubc_internal_handle":""}},{"_index":"cdm.arphotos-2024-02-06","_id":"1.0032165","_score":452.69235,"_source":{"creator":["Holborne, Peter"],"subject":["Outdoor Exhibition of Sculpture","Portrait of Cat (sculpture)","Sculptures"],"dateAvailable":"2003-11-07T00:00:00Z","genre":["Photographs"],"ubc_date_sort":"1958-07-16 AD","ubc_internal_repo":"cdm","title":["Marvin Levitt sculpture \"Portrait of Cat\" at the Outdoor Exhibition of Sculpture"],"type":["Still Image"],"ubc_internal_handle":"cdm.arphotos.9596"}},{"_index":"dsp.831-2022-11-13","_id":"1.0105874","_score":414.46735,"_source":{"creator":["Halsey, Nancy M."],"campus":["UBCV"],"degree":["Master of Science - MSc"],"description":["In the last decade, considerable interest has been focused on the role of biogenic amines and their function in the central nervous system. Certain of these, norepinephrine and serotonin, have been suggested as neurotransmitters, and evidence has accumulated that rise in the levels of these amines results in behavioural change. At the same time, it was found that the enzyme, monoamine oxidase (MAO), utilized these compounds as substrates, and that inhibition of MAO resulted in elevated levels of the catecholamines and serotonin.\r\nThis knowledge has led to considerable investigation of the areas of brain that might be affected by this inhibition, but beyond the preliminary report of Shimizu et al. (1959) little had been done to determine the histochemical localization of MAO by methods of proven specificity.\r\nA study of the brain-stem has therefore been attempted, to determine the major sites of MAO activity. Rabbit and cat brain-stem have been used, and the histochemical method of Glenner, Burtner and Brown (1959) using nitro-blue tetrazolium. Fresh frozen tissue was cut on the cryostat and sections incubated with this solution, a positive result producing a purple-blue formazan precipitate.\r\nFor identification and correlation of brain-stem nuclei, adjacent sections were cut and stained with toluidine blue.\r\nControls were run in vitro and in vivo with known MAO inhibitors, as well as by incubation without substrate, application of heat and alteration of pH.\r\nFinally, an atlas has been prepared identifying the sites of MAO activity and suggesting a functional relationship based on these studies. Results indicate that within the brain, the brain-stem itself contains the highest proportion of MAO, which is concentrated within the following regions - choroid plexus, pineal gland, hypothalamus, pituitary, interpeduncular nucleus, habenulo-pedencular tract, dorsal tegmental nucleus, locus coeruleus, area postrema and cranial nerve nuclei, especially the distal portion of the trigeminal nucleus and the dorsal vagal nuclei. The thalamus, inferior colliculi and major fibre tracts were all conspicuously low in MAO. With the exception of the cells of the mesencephalic nucleus of nerve V, activity did not occur within the body of the neuron, but was present in the neuropil of the neocortex and all other positive areas of brain-stem. Certain peculiarities of distribution were noted for the glandular areas of the pineal, pituitary and choroid plexus. In the anterior pituitary and choroid plexus, MAO was found in intracellular granules, but within the pineal and posterior pituitary the activity appeared to lie in a matrix between cells."],"ubc_internal_repo":"dsp","program":["Neuroscience"],"title":["A histochemical investigation into the regional distribution of monoamine oxidase in the brain-stem of rabbit and cat with atlas of related concentrations"],"type":["Text"],"ubc_internal_handle":"","affiliation":["Medicine, Faculty of"],"dateAvailable":"2011-12-02T00:00:00Z","genre":["Thesis\/Dissertation"],"ubc_date_sort":"1962-12-31 AD","scholarlyLevel":["Graduate"]}},{"_index":"dsp.831-2022-11-13","_id":"1.0097426","_score":391.6234,"_source":{"creator":["Chong, Samuel Siong Chuan"],"campus":["UBCV"],"degree":["Master of Science - MSc"],"description":["The creation of 'transgenic' animals has provided insights into mechanisms of gene regulation, as well as opened up a new avenue for genetic improvement of livestock, including fish.\r\nIn this thesis, the suitability of the Japanese ricefield fish or 'medaka' (Oryzias latipes) as a gene expression system was evaluated. The procaryotic chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) gene regulated by a double eucaryotic promoter-enhancer region was chosen as a reporter. This reporter was introduced as either a supercoiled or linear recombinant plasmid (pUSVCAT), as a phage, or as purified phage DNA. DNA or phage was microinjected into the cytoplasm of newly fertilized medaka eggs at the 1-2 cell stage. Expression and fate of the injected DNA or phage were monitored by harvesting medaka at various developmental stages and performing CAT enzyme assays and Southern blot analyses, respectively. Several injected eggs were allowed to develop to sexual maturity, and their offspring were pooled and tested by CAT enzyme assay for inheritance of the CAT sequences.\r\nThe patterns of expression of injected supercoiled and linear pUSVCAT DNA were very similar, indicating that DNA conformation does not affect the efficiency of expression. CAT enzyme activity was detectible from the early high blastula stage (4 hr post-injection), was strongest at the late gastrula\/early neurula stage (1 day post-injection), and was sustained but slightly weaker in the one-week old embryo. Expression was significantly reduced in hatchlings (2 weeks post-injection), varying noticeably among the individuals analysed. CAT expression was still detectible in free-swimming fish (4 weeks post-injection). Recombinant CAT phage particles or purified CAT phage DNA were also able to express the CAT gene up to the free-swimming fish stage. However, in these treatments, the strongest CAT expression was seen in the one-week old embryo instead of in the gastrula\/neurula, raising the possibility of a role played by different vector sequences on gene expression.\r\nStudies on the fate of injected supercoiled and linear pUSVCAT revealed conversion of the input forms to high molecular weight head-to-tail and randomly oriented concatemers respectively. Total plasmid DNA increased rapidly during cleavage and gastrulation, indicative of plasmid replication, whereas degradation of plasmid sequences was observed by the early high blastula stage. In the gastrula\/neurula derived from injection of supercoiled pUSVCAT, total plasmid DNA increased ten-fold, whereas injection of linear pUSVCAT resulted in a 12-fold increase at the same stage. In both cases, most of the observed increase was contributed by the high molecular weight concatemers. The amount of plasmid DNA decreased after the gastrula\/neurula stage, and this DNA was exclusively of the high molecular weight form at hatching and could persist to the free-swimming stage.\r\nNeither the DNA from injected CAT phage particles nor the injected purified CAT phage DNA appeared to be concatenated during early embryogenesis. In both cases, however, the phage DNA appeared as higher molecular weight DNA by the one-week old embryonic stage, probably formed by covalent end-to-end ligations. DNA of CAT phage particles did not increase until after the early high blastula stage, but by the flat blastula stage (10 hr post-injection) a three-fold increase over the input amount was observed. There was no significant increase at the gastrula\/neurula stage, nor was there an immediate decrease thereafter. Injected purified CAT phage DNA increased through the stages of cleavage and gastrulation, the gastrula\/neurula having seven-fold more CAT phage DNA than that injected, and decreased thereafter. Both DNA of injected phage particles and injected phage DNA could persist to the free-swimming stage. CAT gene expression was detected in a number of pooled offspring from several DNA and phage-treated fish, indicating inheritance of the input sequences. The data in this study suggest that the germline-positive parents are probably mosaic for the presence of the CAT sequences, and that germline transmission is possible with plasmid DNA of both conformations, DNA-carrying phage particles, or purified phage DNA.\r\nThe above results, coupled with the ease of handling and manipulation of the medaka embryo, strongly favour the use of the medaka as a transient expression and transgenic animal model."],"ubc_internal_repo":"dsp","program":["Zoology"],"title":["Evaluation of a fish gene transfer system : expression, fate, and germline transmission of CAT recombinant plasmid and phage sequences microinjected into newly fertilized eggs of the Japanese medaka, Oryzias latipes (Temminck & Schlegel)"],"type":["Text"],"ubc_internal_handle":"","affiliation":["Science, Faculty of","Zoology, Department of"],"dateAvailable":"2010-08-16T00:00:00Z","genre":["Thesis\/Dissertation"],"ubc_date_sort":"1988-12-31 AD","scholarlyLevel":["Graduate"]}},{"_index":"cdm.arkley-2022-11-09","_id":"1.0012701","_score":387.03525,"_source":{"extent":["1 painting : color ; 39.3 x 31.8 cm"],"creator":["Unknown"],"subject":["Animals in human situations","Cats"],"dateAvailable":"2013-08-01T00:00:00Z","description":["Reproduction of a painting on fabric."],"ubc_date_sort":"1919-12-31 AD","ubc_internal_repo":"cdm","title":["[Painting depicting cats playing croquet]"],"type":["Still Image"],"ubc_internal_handle":"cdm.arkley.2134"}}]}}}